An antenna is one electrical device that will do the converting of electrical powers into radio wave and also vice versa. This is often utilized with a radio receiver or radio transmitter. An antenna is one essential component for radio equipment. This is usually being used for communication receivers, radio broadcasting, radar, satellite communication, broadcast television, cell phones, and two way radios. Other devices are also using this such as the wireless computer networks, garage door openers, baby monitors, wireless microphones, RFID tags, and Bluetooth devices.
One type for this that is being utilized by militaries is the mono pole. It is consist of a single conductor such as metal rod that is mounted above the ground or artificial surface for a conduction. Umbrella is one of the types of mono pole that is often utilized in a long range military communication. These productions of antennas by the military antenna manufacturers became so much useful to them.
The umbrella is a very large wire that transmits an antenna that is used for a VLF band. It is consist of a mast radiator tower which is attached to the top of multiple wires that are extending from a mast to the ground, just like a tent or an umbrella. And this is also insulated in its ends. It has a narrow bandwidth and may require large loading coils and low resistance of counterpoise ground.
Another useful type is the array. A phased array is used in military purposes especially for their jamming system and radar system. It has high gain antennas used in UHF and microwave frequencies which is electronically steerable. It consists of many dipoles with a two dimensional array. Each of the dipole will be fed through the electric phase shifter which is controlled by the computer control system.
Radio kites are the oldest types of antennas. These are utilized to carry radios in aloft, higher compared to practical mast. The kites are usually associated with the portable radio system and also utilized to increase radios range for naval ships. Usage of these have limitations due to difficulties in consistent height maintenance, unpredictable wind, and antenna, transmission, and reception improvements.
The ground is one thing to be given of much importance in the installation of antennas. Its height and also its electrical properties, both the conductivity and permittivity are important. And also, particularly for mono pole antennas, the ground will serve as return connection for the current, thus having an effect.
For the low frequencies to high frequencies, the grounds behave as the lossy dialectrics. And thus, these will be characterized by the permittivity and conductivity. For a lower frequency, it acts as good conductor.
If a frequency ranges from 3 up to 30 megahertz, a large proportion of the energy from antennas that are horizontally polarized will reflect. While a vertically polarized one is not reflected except for its grazing incidence. But the reflection of these grazing angles will be in phase with the direct waves.
The net qualities of reflection will be dependent on the surface topography. If there are some irregularities of surfaces that are smaller than wavelength, there is a specular reflection. But if irregularities are not small, the reflections are shifted by the random phases.
One type for this that is being utilized by militaries is the mono pole. It is consist of a single conductor such as metal rod that is mounted above the ground or artificial surface for a conduction. Umbrella is one of the types of mono pole that is often utilized in a long range military communication. These productions of antennas by the military antenna manufacturers became so much useful to them.
The umbrella is a very large wire that transmits an antenna that is used for a VLF band. It is consist of a mast radiator tower which is attached to the top of multiple wires that are extending from a mast to the ground, just like a tent or an umbrella. And this is also insulated in its ends. It has a narrow bandwidth and may require large loading coils and low resistance of counterpoise ground.
Another useful type is the array. A phased array is used in military purposes especially for their jamming system and radar system. It has high gain antennas used in UHF and microwave frequencies which is electronically steerable. It consists of many dipoles with a two dimensional array. Each of the dipole will be fed through the electric phase shifter which is controlled by the computer control system.
Radio kites are the oldest types of antennas. These are utilized to carry radios in aloft, higher compared to practical mast. The kites are usually associated with the portable radio system and also utilized to increase radios range for naval ships. Usage of these have limitations due to difficulties in consistent height maintenance, unpredictable wind, and antenna, transmission, and reception improvements.
The ground is one thing to be given of much importance in the installation of antennas. Its height and also its electrical properties, both the conductivity and permittivity are important. And also, particularly for mono pole antennas, the ground will serve as return connection for the current, thus having an effect.
For the low frequencies to high frequencies, the grounds behave as the lossy dialectrics. And thus, these will be characterized by the permittivity and conductivity. For a lower frequency, it acts as good conductor.
If a frequency ranges from 3 up to 30 megahertz, a large proportion of the energy from antennas that are horizontally polarized will reflect. While a vertically polarized one is not reflected except for its grazing incidence. But the reflection of these grazing angles will be in phase with the direct waves.
The net qualities of reflection will be dependent on the surface topography. If there are some irregularities of surfaces that are smaller than wavelength, there is a specular reflection. But if irregularities are not small, the reflections are shifted by the random phases.
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